An intrusion-a sound that is not familiar (e.g., a squeaking door or floorboard, a breaking window)-alerts whoever lives there to potential danger. For example, a home has certain sounds associated with it that makes it familiar and comfortable to the occupant. Certain places have certain sounds associated with them. Alerting The first level involves detection of environmental sound cues. Īccording to Barthes, listening can be understood on three levels: alerting, deciphering, and understanding how the sound is produced and how it affects the listener. People listen for 45 percent of their time when they communicate. It involves the perception of sounds made by the speaker, of intonation patterns that focus on the information, and of the relevance of the topic under discussion. Listening may be considered as a simple and isolated process, but it would be more precise to perceive it as a complex and systematic process. It is the interpretative action taken by someone in order to understand, and potentially make sense of, something they hear. "Hearing is a physiological phenomenon listening is a psychological act." People are always hearing, most of the time subconsciously. A semiotician, Roland Barthes, characterized the distinction between listening and hearing. Listening begins by hearing a speaker producing the sound to be listened to. A person who receives and understands information or an instruction, and then chooses not to comply with it or not to agree to it, has listened to the speaker, even though the result is not what the speaker wanted. Ratcliffe built her argument upon two incidents in which individuals demonstrated a tendency to refuse the cross-cultural discourses. Listening also functions rhetorically as a means of promoting cross-culture communication. For example, when a person reads or does something else while listening to music, he or she can recall what that was when hearing the music again later. According to one study, when there were background noises during a speech, listeners were better able to recall the information in the speech when hearing those noises again. Poor listening can be exhibited by excessive interruptions, inattention, hearing what you want to hear, mentally composing a response, or having a closed mind. Poor listening can lead to misinterpretations, thus causing conflict or dispute. Listening is a skill for resolving problems. Affective processes include the motivation to listen to others cognitive processes include attending to, understanding, receiving, and interpreting content and relational messages and behavioral processes include responding to others with verbal and nonverbal feedback. Listening involves complex affective, cognitive, and behavioral processes. When listening, a person hears what others are saying and tries to understand what it means. Listening is giving attention to a sound. For other uses, see Listening (disambiguation).
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